The Underground Railroad in Western Pennsylvania

The Underground Railroad was undoubtedly one of the most significant forms of activism in our nation’s history. It was broad in its reach, encompassing the United States and beyond, and profound in its meaning for a nation entwined in the sale of human life. Yet, that history, by its very secretive nature, can be difficult to uncover.

An untold number of enslaved people of African descent made their way from bondage toward freedom. Whether to the western territories of the United States, northern states or abroad to the Caribbean, South America or Mexico, their travels were arduous and full of perils. They faced natural hazards of travel during that time and risked being returned to their owners with harsh punishments certain to follow. Knowing this, thousands nonetheless risked everything for a chance to regain their freedom and dignity.

Western Pennsylvania was a major thoroughfare for enslaved peoples seeking freedom. Their numbers are not certain as formal records were not kept and few informal ones remain. Documents written by those who assisted—sometimes referred to as the “conductors”—in this underground process occasionally survived to give some indication of what those traveling on the railroad endured. Some publications written by, or for, those who managed to survive to secure their freedom also exist.

Other assistance for freedom seekers was found among abolitionists, Black as well as White, within a community frequently including prominent citizens. The number of individuals who were instrumental in this story is countless and most may never be revealed.

The Fugitive slave laws also affected free people of African descent who lived in the area, fleeing their homes as they faced the possibility of becoming enslaved. Still others became the voice of social change and self-empowerment for all Blacks of the era and beyond. Their stories are rich with historical detail and remind us of the quest for human freedom.

The Quest For Freedom Map (826.46 PDF) is a guide to some of that history through local and regional historical organizations. Whether a documented Underground Railroad site, an institution committed to telling the story to its visitors through exhibits and programs, a location offering access to genealogical and research tools, or a combination of these, this information will help you to share in the amazing history that is the Underground Railroad in Western Pennsylvania.

For additional information visit www.visitpittsburgh.com or call the Senator John Heinz History Center at 412-454-6411.

Pittsburgh Regions